BP has been temporarily suspended from new contracts with the US government, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has said.
While it is unclear how long the ban will last, it follows BP's record fine earlier this month over the 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
The EPA said it was taking action due to BP's "lack of business integrity" over its handling of the blowout.
But BP said it had spent $14bn (£8.8bn) on its response to the spill.
"The BP suspension will temporarily prevent the company and the named affiliates from getting new federal government contracts, grants or other covered transactions until the company can provide sufficient evidence to EPA demonstrating that it meets federal business standards," said the EPA in a statement.
"Suspensions are a standard practice when a responsibility question is raised by action in a criminal case."
'Resolve and lift' banThe EPA and BP both said that the temporary ban would not affect existing agreements BP has with the government.
"Start Quote
End Quote Ed Markey, US CongressmanThe wreckage of BP's recklessness is still sitting at the bottom of the ocean and this kind of time out is an appropriate element of the suite of criminal, civil and economic punishments that BP should pay for their disaster"
The oil giant added that the suspension may in fact be lifted quite soon.
"The EPA has informed BP that it is preparing a proposed administrative agreement that, if agreed upon, would effectively resolve and lift this temporary suspension," BP said.
"Over the past five years, BP has invested more than $52bn in the United States - more than any other oil and gas company, and more than it invests in any other country where it operates. On top of this business investment, BP has to date spent more than $14bn in operational response and clean-up costs."
Since the Deepwater Horizon accident, the US has granted BP more than 50 new leases in the Gulf of Mexico, where the company has been drilling safely since the government moratorium was lifted.
For now, BP is to be excluded from the lease of new exploration fields in the Gulf of Mexico, including some 20 million acres that was auctioned on Wednesday.
'Reckless'Congressman Ed Markey, a senior member of the Natural Resources Committee in Congress, said: "When someone recklessly crashes a car, their licence and keys are taken away."
"The wreckage of BP's recklessness is still sitting at the bottom of the ocean and this kind of time out is an appropriate element of the suite of criminal, civil and economic punishments that BP should pay for their disaster," he added.
Deepwater disaster timeline
- 20 April 2010: Explosion of Deepwater Horizon oil rig, killing 11. Rig burns for 36 hours, before sinking to seabed
- 30 May: Oil slick 9 miles off Louisiana coast, and US begins criminal and civil investigation
- 16 June: BP agrees to put $20bn in an escrow fund to settle claims by fisherman and others whose businesses suffered
- 1 July: The spill surpasses the 140m gallon mark, becoming the biggest offshore oil spill
- 8 Sept: In a 193-page internal report into the disaster, BP accuses well contractor Halliburton and rig owner Transocean. The pair dismiss BP's claims. All three blame one another over the years
- 19 Sept: BP permanently "kills" leaking well
- 15 Dec: US launches legal battle against BP and its partners
- 12 Jan 2011: 380-page government-commissioned report says BP's time and cost-saving decisions led to disaster
- 2 March 2012: A few days before trial was to begin, BP and lawyers for plaintiffs reach a settlement
- 15 Nov: BP agrees to pay $4.5bn fine to US government, two BP officials are charged with manslaughter and former executive charged with lying to authorities
- 28 Nov: BP temporarily banned from new US contracts
BP's finance director Brian Gilvary told investors earlier this month that the group would have to rethink its entire US strategy were a blanket ban put in place.
"How big this is depends on how long it lasts," said Phil Weiss, an analyst at Argus Research.
"It's a negative that they can't participate in (Wednesday's sale), but it's not a big concern. If it happens two times, or three times, or 10 times, it's a much bigger concern."
Pentagon contractsThe US is vital for BP, accounting for more than 20% of its global daily production. It has ploughed more than $52bn (£32bn) into US energy development projects since 2007, more than any other country BP invests in.
The UK company was the biggest fuel supplier to the US Department of Defense, which awarded it contracts valued at about $1.35bn in 2011.
BP's contracts with the US military jumped 33% over a year in 2011, according to data from Bloomberg. The group was awarded a fuel contract in May from the Pentagon while it faced mounting legal costs over the disaster.
The Deepwater Horizon accident, in which an oil rig exploded killing 11 people, caused one of the worst oil spills in history.
BP has pleaded guilty to 14 criminal charges over the accident.
The EPA is the lead agency for suspension and debarment matters regarding BP and has the authority to disbar individuals and companies under sections of the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.
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